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Permissions and Processes
2.1File PermissionsEvery file and directory in Linux has an owner, a group, and a permission set. Understanding permissions is essential when test scripts…2.2Reading Permission StringsThe permission string -rw-r--r-- breaks down as:2.3Changing Permissions2.4Process ManagementUnderstanding processes helps you debug test infrastructure issues: "Why won't my test server start?" often leads to "something else is…2.5Port Management"Port already in use" is one of the most common QA frustrations. Here is how to diagnose and fix it.2.6Background Processes2.7System ResourcesWhen tests are slow or failing due to resource constraints, check system resources.2.8Network Diagnostics2.9Hands-On Exercise1. List all files in your home directory with full permission details. Identify which files you own and their permissions. 2. Create a…